Methods

How the penguins were measured, and what we drop before analyzing.

library(dplyr)
data(penguins)

Measurements come from three species at Palmer Station, Antarctica. Each row is one bird: bill length, bill depth, flipper length, and body mass.

A few birds are missing one or more measurements. We drop those rows before analyzing, so every figure and table on this site uses the same set of complete cases.

penguins |>
  filter(!is.na(bill_len), !is.na(bill_dep), !is.na(body_mass)) |>
  count(species, name = "complete_rows") |>
  knitr::kable()

Table 1: Rows kept per species after dropping incomplete measurements.

species	complete_rows
Adelie	151
Chinstrap	68
Gentoo	123